As long as you have these apps installed on your devices whether you use them or not, mostly they can have the ability to access/transfer

• your stored data plus having control over the microphone/camera,
• your friend's information stored on your device such as their phone number, address through phonebook, name, communicated messages, etc.
( See the " (3) Has Access To Your " section on the table. )

* Share this information with your family, friends and community to help them stay safe!

(4) * What is End-to-end Encryption (E2EE)?

Thus far, End-to-end encryption is the safest possible way of transferring data like messages without keeping data on the service provider/company's servers necessarily. Basically, here is how it works:
1- On the sender's device a unique cryptographic key will be generated and data will get encrypted using this key before it leaves the sender's device.
2- Encrypted data will leave the sender's device, get transfered to the provider/company ports and then sent to the receiver's device.
3- Encrypted data will reach the receiver's device and will then be decrypted on the receiver's device using the cryptographic key that was sent from the sender's device.

Note: Since this cryptographic key was sent directly from the sender's device to the receiver's, even the provider company won't be able to read your data in most cases. However, there is some disagreement as to whether the cryptographic key is ever kept/used by the providers company or not, "or using the same key to decode the encrypted message on both sides of a conversation. WhatsApp is one of those examples." McAfee reports.

"End-to-end encryption is a system of communication where the only people who can read the messages are the people communicating. No eavesdropper can access the cryptographic keys needed to decrypt the conversation—not even a company that runs the messaging service." Hacker Lexicon says.

According to Wikipedia,
"End-to-end encryption (E2EE), which is non-certified or uncertified, is a digital communications paradigm of uninterrupted protection of data traveling between two communicating parties without being intercepted or read by other parties except for the originating party encrypting data to be readable only by the intended recipient, and the receiving party decrypting it, with no involvement in said encryption by third parties. The intention of end-to-end encryption is to prevent intermediaries, such as Internet providers or application service providers, from being able to discover or tamper with the content of communications. End-to-end encryption generally includes protections of both confidentiality and integrity. "

* End-to-end Encryption (E2EE) cannot be activated with Data Backup on Servers/Cloud at the same time:

Since End-to-end cryptographic keys should be self-destructing, storing user's messages/data on servers would seem impossible. If you are using a messenger with E2EE technology, you cannot expect the provider to restore your data after your device is changed, broken or lost. This is one of the reasons large companies like Google, Microsoft, etc are not using E2EE technology. Making your personal data availabe to multiple devices requires that it be stored on a central server.

See Wikipedia E2EE definition See McAfee report on WhatsApp See Hacker Lexicon's article

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